18 Comments

I’m in awe of your nuanced understanding, it’s not easy to pick up the literally unspoken rules. One added perspective is on “você” sounding snobbish- older people would say “você é estrebaria”, meaning, “você is what you use in the horse stables”. On a meta-level: “figure out how to address me, you don’t get to default to the simplest norm”. So not only it’s complicated but there is a high social cost to getting it wrong… so I would use the word “snobbish“ but in its original meaning, “sans noblesse” ☺️ Apologies if that complicates the Portuguese life further

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Thank you for this comment—it helps to show the nuance of the issue!

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I read this amusing piece over breakfast and it brought back several conversations we had in Sweden about the topic of politeness. I remember appreciating your nuanced reading of this issue, and it allowed me not to take the uncanny mix of reserve and plain rudeness in Scandinavian manners too personally (I still did though, a friend of mine summarised Swedish customer service philosophy with the phrase "How may we not help you?"). But when it comes to "you" and "thou," I always assumed that "thou" dropped out of the language as a result of the reformation, but I might be entirely wrong about this and I never bothered to research it. Is it not the case that "thou" disappeared after the Protestants started using it to address God in a more personal fashion (assuming the deity is a singular entity), the paradoxical result being that it then could no longer fill the role of informal "you" in everyday conversation. So people just stopped using it altogether. Is there any scientific foundation for this hypothesis?

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Michael, thank you for your thoughtful comment. Historical linguistics is not my area of speciality, so I can't speak with much authority here, but my understanding is that it was more the influence of societal changes that pushed out "thou" and caused "you"—seen as the more polite form—to take over. As far as I know, "thou" was always used when addressing God directly, as is typical in other European languages. (Not sure what God's preference is!)

By the way, I love the expression "How may we not help you?" Very funny!

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I see! But one would not say “tu” (the equivalent of “thou”) to God in French? Definitely not in Dutch: “uw wil geschiede…”

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I will have to ask my French-speaking informants and get back to you. I think that in other Romance languages, using "tu" with God is quite common, but I will check.

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And I who thought German was puzzling... Really enjoyed reading this, which popped up just as I looked for a break from the annoying newsletter of mine I'm trying to wrap up!

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I’m glad you enjoyed it, Gaia! Languages are a never-ending source of amusement AND confusion, don’t you think?

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Absolutely. That's (partly) the reason why I started my newsletter on multiligualism. :)

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Thanks for this piece1 Turkish, like German, has a formal version of "you." When I first learned English, I found it challenging to adjust to a language without this distinction. But now, after living in English-speaking countries for 30 years, I find it difficult to use the formal "you" when I switch back to Turkish.

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Thanks, Selda! Interesting—do you also find that the norms around who should be addressed formally have changed at all in Turkey during the past 30 years?

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Not really. I think it’s still quite a strong norm.

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I guess that's not too surprising. I guess it's not too surprising that there hasn't been as strong a shift towards informality in Turkey. I do wish I could speak Turkish—it's a fascinating language from a linguistic perspective.

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It‘s yinz

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Good to know. Never seen it written!

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Language is so fun! And confusing. And fun. In that order 😆

When I first learned Swedish I couldn’t believe there was no word for ‘please’.

I feel you need to deep dive on Finnish. That language is just mind blowing 😂

*in Australia we use ‘youse’ too. But not y’all.

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Yes, Lisa, I agree: Language is fun. And confusing. The lack of "please" in Swedish is funny, as are the things you have to say instead, such as "snälla du"—literally "nice you". 😂

I am not at all competent to talk about Finnish, I'm afraid. Maybe I can find someone else who is.

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I don’t many Finnish language learners who feel competent either 😂

And the “Tack, snälla!” makes me chuckle. If people on Åland you know they’re either 1. Swedish, 2. Have lived in Sweden or 3. Listen to too much Swedish TV or radio 😂😂

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